tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26362957471366848272024-02-07T10:03:11.557+05:00Safi GhauriMy thoughts all blogged up. Writing in all seriousness on law, politics, philosophy, culture and science.Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.comBlogger12125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-58784393340460402962014-09-18T13:23:00.000+05:002014-09-18T13:23:06.985+05:00The Great Leader<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="_5k3v _5k3w clearfix">
<div>
Nations rarely get great
leaders who inspire many people to join them. These leaders are talented
without a doubt and can change the course of history for the countries
they lead. This is the true story of one such leader who completely
changed the country he came to lead.<br />
<br />
Our great leader was
born to an ordinary man. He had no history of any political power in his
family and his mother was a wonderful lady who was always taking care
of people.<br />
<br />
As a young man he travelled around a lot and
came to be known for his intelligence and unruly behavior. He was
popular with the ladies and was deeply patriotic about his country. In
his youth he was well known for his sporting abilities, physical
agility, passion for music, authoring a few books and his debates with
his contemporaries. His inspiration from his youth till his death was
the work of an author who gave the concept of ‘khudi’ (ego).<br />
<br />
It
was not long before he became the spotlight of all media outlets. He
wrote and spoke passionately and always had an audience waiting to read
and hear what he had to say. He was a brilliant orator and mesmerized
the crowds and gave hope to people who were sick of the system. He was
also known for his philanthropic works and went on to build
organizations and structures that would be revered by everyone who saw
them. Every time he called for donations people would donate generously
and women even gave away their wedding rings to support his
philanthropic activities.<br />
<br />
He joined politics early onwards
and rose on to become a prominent name but did not have any success in
terms of gaining power in elections. He made some political mistakes of
siding with the wrong parties which he would go on to regret later, but
he later commented that it was his political immaturity at that time and
that he had learnt from his mistakes and failures.<br />
<br />
Eventually
tired of seeing the inefficiency of all political parties around him he
made his own political party. This party was based on the idea of a
revolution to clean away the inefficiency and corruption in his country
and take his country to glory. His party was in opposition to social
class discrimination, dynastic politics and supported national
sentiments on the important matters of the day. The mainstay of his
party was nationalism of the country wherein he believed that his
country which despite being overpopulated was a country full of talent
and wealth. His ideology dismissed the ideas of sub castes and races and
believed that the entire country is one. His party repeatedly denounced
the failures of democracy as a failed system. It rejected all forms of
egalitarianism and VIP culture and demanded that citizens should perform
civic duties themselves because the state had failed. He also
emphasized on the youth and the importance of education to revive the
country. His party’s idea of the failure of the state was because of
corrupt and inefficient leaders and it was emphasized that if the right
leader was to come his country would progress and become a great
country. His central idea was that a leader was needed who would be
himself completely clean, someone energetic and ruthless with all the
corruption and inefficiency that was rife in his country.<br />
<br />
An
underlying concept of his political philosophy was that his country was
facing intervention and the problems faced by the people were because
of foreign countries which were influencing the matters of the state.
These countries were blamed for blocking the economic potential of his
country. The people wholeheartedly supported the idea that their country
was in shambles because of the foreign powers.<br />
<br />
He
contested the general elections from his party but did not get many
seats in the parliament. Eventually he led a long march of 30,000 people
to his country's capital to protest and denounce the prime minister of
that country. He did have the support of the majority of the people
within that country who kept supporting him because of the promises he
had made in his speeches. Initially he was faced by a long dharna but
eventually the establishment of that country gave in and transferred the
power to him and forced the prime minister to resign. He went on to
become the prime minister himself and changed the course of history for
that nation.<br />
<br />
The name of our great leader was Benito Mussolini of Italy.<br />
<br />
Upon
attaining power he removed all constitutional and legal bars on his
power. He removed all responsibility to the parliament which he saw as a
corrupt and archaic structure. He also formed a dictatorship over all
forms of local government. During his time to assert his power he did
not hesitate to lay sieges on towns, use torture and hold the women and
children of opponents as hostages so that they would give themselves up.
Italy was turned into a police state with very strict laws. He later
admitted that this was his only option lest anyone else turn up to Rome
with a sizeable number of protestors and force him to resign.<br />
<br />
He
changed the culture and education of his country. He was revered as the
greatest leader in history and was formally called ‘the leader’ by all
state structures. His party was constantly involved in massive
propaganda centered around the personality of Mussolini. All teachers
and journalists were approved by his party before they could perform
their jobs. All students had to pay their respects to Mussolini before
beginning their lessons.<br />
<br />
His fascist party had a basic
tenant the idea that only that party has the right to rule. All other
parties were quelled with use of strength and force. All other leaders
were lampooned as being corrupt, inefficient and traitors of the
country. The party promoted a corporatist economic systems and people
who had performed well in the corporate world were taken in as party
central leaders. It was a party that at the same time rejected the
conservative, socialist and liberal doctrine.<br />
<br />
The Italian
Fascist party like other fascist parties have several distinctive
themes. They employ the constant use of mottos, slogans, songs, symbols
and flags that are always prominently displayed.They have powerful
slogan being chanted everywhere by their supporters like "long live the
leader", "many enemies, much honor", "Mussolini is always right" etc.
They use other parties as scapegoats to unite their supporters. They
create an environment of fear and panic leading people to believe that
their country is on the verge of complete destruction. They believe in
the supremacy of the military over any civilian body of authority. They
have a disdain for democracy which they view as a corrupt system. They
control the mass media and other networks of communication and force
their symbols, signs, personalities and other such paraphernalia down
other people's throats. Religion is always used as means to justify
their actions and religious examples are rampant in their speeches.
Corporate power is protected and the industrial and business aristocracy
is always respected. Labor movements and rights are suppressed. They
have a disdain for intellectual output and most of the people who
question their motives or actions are labelled as corrupt or pseudo
intellectuals. They all have a belief that they enjoy mass support of
the people and constantly try to convince the general public that they
are most popular and finally they themselves openly engage in election
rigging. With these features common amongst fascist parties they have
managed to grasp the public imagination and support many times in the
past. The only regrettable commonality between all fascist movements is
that it always ends up destroying a country. This blame of such
destruction comes down not to the fascist party but to the general
public itself which starts a cult of hero worship of a leader and
willingly dedicate themselves to a person rather than an ideology. Such
blind following of a person rather than an idea eventually leads to the
leader himself going insane with power and ego.<br />
<br />
History
now remembers Mussolini as a man who was a tremendous failure and as a
man who killed countless countrymen to remain in power. To his credit he
did do some economic projects that considerably reduced unemployment
and corruption temporarily but eventually he led Italy to complete
destruction. By the time he was done, Italy was in a worse state than it
had ever been and people lived in constant fear. He was eventually
captured by an underground resistance movement and his body was hung in
one of the central squares. Masses of Italy greeted Mussolini’s death
without any regret. Mussolini had promised his people Roman glory but
his ego and megalomania had overcome his common sense and he ended up
bringing only misery to his people. </div>
</div>
</div>
Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-31365345977319874542014-08-25T03:10:00.000+05:002014-08-28T15:33:22.588+05:00Proposed Consitutional Amendments<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<br />
During this ongoing Azadi and Inqalaab march many demands have been put
forward by the PTI and the PAT. All of PTI's demands have to do with elections
and the subsequent removal of Nawaz Sharif, the legality of which can best be
determined by a judicial commission. PAT's demands were considerably more
sensible and almost all of them pertained to the real issues faced by the
people of Pakistan. Pakistan is facing difficult times and will continue to
face political unrest and economic turmoil unless some basic structural changes
are made. These proposed changes have to do entirely with the economic well
being of people and unless people are given their human, social, cultural and
economic rights they will continue to suffer. These amendments do not address
the issue of the elections and/or who is to become prime minister. They only
deal with the rights of the people which I believe once given will solve other
problems of which leadership to select by the people themselves.<br />
<br />
For this reason I have recently gotten involved in the reconciliation
efforts to try and make the government and the protesting parties agree on an
agenda that does not favor any one person but rather caters to the rights of
the Pakistani people who are the true owners of this country. For this I first
started with Siraj ul Haq of Jamat e Islami who seemed to agree with the
summary of the propositions. The summary was taken to Tahir ul Qadri, who has
mentioned the gist of it in his speech on 23rd August, the rest having been
kept for a later time. These propositions have been sent and presented to the
relevant quarters of PML N and PTI, both whom I am informed are currently
debating about them. I believe that these rallies could be an opportunity for
the Pakistanis to benefit if instead of leadership the direction was turned to
the rights of the people. <br />
<br />
The Constitution of Pakistan was made in 1971 and it was made at a time when
Pakistan had just finished a break up with Bangladesh and a full blown war with
India. The constitution envisages Pakistan as a true welfare state as per the
vision of its founding father. These items of making Pakistan a true welfare
state are contained in the “principles of policy” of the constitution. However
at the time of the drafting of this constitution the state funds and resources
were severely depleted due to the war and therefore a clause named Article 29
(2) was inserted that did not make it the duty of the state to give people
their economic rights until the resources were generated and the determination
of the same was left to the state itself. Z A Bhutto at that time in 1971
informed the assembly that this clause was temporary and that the state will
have sufficient resources to become a true welfare state in 90 days. Today 43
years have elapsed and those promised 90 days have not passed. The state is
still not liable for not providing people their economic rights. At present any
article of the principles of policy remains unjusticiable which means that it
cannot be enforced in court. <br />
The proposition itself is a package of amendments that can be passed at the
21<sup>st</sup> amendment of the constitution. These amendments look to
redefine several rights more clearly and make the rights enforceable in court.
The salient features of these amendments are<br />
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>All human, cultural, social and economic rights can be
brought to the court.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>The development of a true welfare state will not be a
policy but rather a function of the state.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Fundamental rights shall become a state duty</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Taxation and resource generation will face the test of
being progressive first. Which means lesser taxes/duties on poor and more on
the rich.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Establishment of local government systems made a state
duty</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian and provincial
prejudices will be illegalized.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Backward areas and classes will have the first right to
education and economic development</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Primary and Secondary education will be made compulsory</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span>Magistrates to be appointed in every union council.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Government
function will be devolved to grassroot levels</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Provision
of employment and leisure will be a state duty</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Social
security for every Pakistani</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Provision
of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>universal food, water, healthcare,
education, housing and livelihood security will be a state duty</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Eliminating
Riba (Compound interest) and all forms of economic and financial exploitation
and corruption will be a state duty.</div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-left: .5in;">
These constitutional changes if made would transform
Pakistan entirely towards making it a secure and economic superpower. They put
the power in the hands of the people and not one person. However how our
leaders play them out at this stage is yet to be seen. These are not a charter
of demands, these are exact amendments that if copy pasted on the constitution
would bring around the change we have always dreamed of seeing in Pakistan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Proposed Constitutional
Amendments<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1. </span></b>The words “principle of
policy” as the title of chapter 2 shall be substituted for the words
“constitutional principles<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> “</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />2. Article 3 </span></b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The existing text shall be substituted for </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“The state shall eliminate all forms of exploitation and
ensure the fulfillment of the fundamental rights provided in part 2 of the
constitution.”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />3. Article 29 (1)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 2 the words “principle of policy” shall be
substituted for the words “constitutional principles”.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In article 29 clauses (1) after the first comma in line 2
the words “and it is the responsibility” shall be substituted for the words
“shall be the responsibility “.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />4. Article 29 (2)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The existing text of article 29 (2) shall be substituted for
the following.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“The state shall generate resources through direct taxation
and other progressive means of resource generation for implementation of the
objectives of the constitutional principles”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />5. Article 30 (1) and (2)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Article 30 (1) and (2) shall be omitted<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />6. Article 32 </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The word “encourage “in line 1 of this article shall be
substituted for the words “establish”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />7. Article 33</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The word “discourage” in line 1 of this article shall be
substituted for the word “prevent”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />8. Article 36</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The word “legitimate” in line 1 of this article shall be
substituted for the word “lawful”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">9. Article 37 (a)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 the word “promote” shall be substituted for the
word “provide, deliver and protect” </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />10. Article 37 (b)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In clause (b) in line 2 and 3 the words “within minimum
possible time” shall be omitted.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />11. Article 37 (d)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 the word “ensure” shall be substituted for the
word “deliver” The semi colon at the end of the line 1 shall be omitted and the
words “including the grass root level” shall be added</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />12. Article 37 (i)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 of this article after the word “decentralize “the
word “devolve” shall be added.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />13. Article 38 (b)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 after comma the words “within available resources of
the country “shall be omitted </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />14. Article 38 (c) </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 the words “employed by the service of Pakistan or
otherwise” shall be omitted.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />15. Article 38 (d) </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In line 1 the word “food, clothing, housing, education”
shall be substituted by” universal food, water, healthcare, education, housing
and livelihood security.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />16. Article 38 (f)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The words “as early as possible” shall be substituted by the
words “and all forms of economic and financial exploitation and corruption.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-84790930150976805302014-08-21T23:49:00.000+05:002014-08-28T15:31:34.154+05:00 Why Imran Khan is not fit to be the Prime Minister<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Imran Khan can hold all the rallies
he likes but at the moment he is not only unfit for being prime minister, he is
downright dangerous for Pakistan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I will state here in clear words
that I am of the view that Nawaz Sharif and his brother are both corrupt and
cruel. I believe them to be very incompetent, direct beneficiaries of a rotten
system and propagators of the same. Yet despite their financial and moral
crimes, they are still not a problem as big as Imran Khan for the country. My
reasons are as follows:</span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Balochistan! Balochistan only 2 years ago was on the
brink of breaking up from Pakistan. BLA was everywhere and the Pakistani
flag could not even be raised in the provincial parliament or high court.
The Bank of Balaj was formed and a new currency was being printed, Azad
Balochistana was an anthem I heard everywhere in the province. The people
of Balochistan simply did not want to be with Pakistan. Then with some
military intervention and the fact that the separatists chose Nawaz Sharif
as the mediator, they finally agreed to return to Pakistan. The present
ruling party NP of Balochistan came around because Nawaz Sharif was
friends with Hasil Bazinjo. So for the first time in history Balochistan
got a non-sardar as a CM and its development rates are the highest ever.
This was made possible with a coalition govt with PkMap and PML N. PML N could
have easily made the government in Balochistan but instead they chose to
give away power so that nationalist and separatists would join Pakistan.
Destabilizing the provincial or federal setup at this stage could very
easily mean that people who the military and the rest of Pakistan pleaded
to return into the folds of our nation would go away and work towards
separating Balochistan again, this time with evidence that Pakistan is a
failed state.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sindh. Ever wondered what the story of Zardari’s words
‘Pakistan Khappay’ is? Sindh has historically remained a separate and
independent state and wasn’t ruled by the Mughals the way Punjab was. When
Benazir Bhutto died the Sindhis took to the streets chanting ‘Pakistan Na
Khappy’ (Pakistan unacceptable). This was their calling for their ancient
homeland of Sindhudesh which is worked up by Sindhi Nationalists like G M
Syed. Zardari at that stage said Pakistan Khappay (Pakistan acceptable)
and saved the day by calming the Sindhis for which he was duly rewarded.
Now these same nationalists who are also militants trust Nawaz Sharif and
see him as an ally, the two most important ones being Qadir Magsi and
Abdul Khaliq Junejo. Get rid of Nawaz and see what interior Sindh does
then to break away.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoListParagraph">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="3" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unpopularity. Imran Khan is Pakistans most unpopular
leader. This may sound strange because facebook strongly disagrees and as
do most street surveys. But ask yourself this single question, which party
would ever sit, cooperate and/or make an alliance with PTI now. PPP? PML
N? MQM? NP? PKMAP? JUI? AWP? QWP? Is there any other leader who thinks of
him even as a semi-sane man? Any other leader who trusts him? Knowing very
well that he is much more unacceptable to other political forces than
Nawaz Sharif, he still declares himself the Prime Minister over and over
again. A prime minister is not a leader of a party, he is a leader of a
country where all other political forces accept him and his leadership.
Imran Khan is constantly struggling to keep PTI itself intact, let alone a
country. His movement has no support from any other political party yet
not even from his coalition partners Jamat e Islami. His movement and
status as Prime Minister is not even endorsed by PAT who are staging the
March with him.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="4" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Constitution. This is the most important reason of all
because Pakistan is one of the world’s few idealogical states. The people
themselves don’t share history, language, ethnicity or culture and
therefore don’t make up the usual composition of a nation. The only thing
holding them together is a book called the constitution of Pakistan. This
book of the consensus of all people is the reason why we are not a bunch
of warring tribal states and instead make up a semblance of a country.
This is the reason why the book is so sacred and for us is the
second most important book after the Quran. Yet Imran Khan sees no problem
in violating the constitution as and when he feels appropriate. The Prime
Minister is a constitutional position, yet he feels it is ok to call
himself Prime Minister. The prime minister has immunity, yet he thinks
that the prime minister should be punished. The election commission is
formed with the consent of everyone. Yet he says the entire election
commission was a fraud. The election tribunals are the only constitutional
forum of election dispute resolution with high courts for appeal, yet he
disagrees. The list goes on and on. Other leaders have also violated the
constitution time and again but this is no excuse for Imran to do the
same. The constitution has given us a democratic system and courts for
problems we have. Imran feels that neither the constitution nor the courts
are solutions and only his coming to power will resolve issues. <br /><br /></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hypocrisy. Elections in KPK were fair
but
everywhere else they were rigged. Where they won in Punjab the
elections
were fair, where they lost they were rigged. When cases were filed
by PTI in the election tribunals they got mixed results. Where they won
the tribunals were fair, where they lost the tribunals were
corrupt.
Appeals have been made to high courts. He hasn’t dared to say so,
but of
course the PTI supporters now believe that the high courts too are
brought
out. Before elections Pildat, Gallup and Fafen did surveys that
showed
that Nawaz Sharif would win, they are corrupt. Facebook polls
showed Imran
Khan winning and therefore Facebook is honest. During elections EU
monitoring teams stated elections were largely fair, but of course
all of
EU is corrupt. Geo reported Nawaz Sharif winning first and
therefore they
are corrupt too. Najam Sehti was the caretaker CM then and
therefore he is
also corrupt, but his chief secretary Javed Iqbal’s was praised by
Khan
therefore honest. From PML Q to Sheikh Rashid, from Shah Mehmood to
Jhangir Tareen, whoever was against him was corrupt and whoever is
with
him now is honest. When ANP ruled KPK Imran khan had all of us go
to KPK
to stop NATO supplies in protest against drone attacks. Now that he
has
the province all NATO supply is perfectly well, drone attacks are
fine and
35% of KPKs budget is foreign aid.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="6" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Election rigging. PTI rigged the elections and broke
the election laws. This is not to suggest that others didn’t but since PTI
is the one crying hoarse about it, it is only fair that the first finger
be pointed at them. The election laws impose a maximum limit of 15 lacs on
any candidate for their election spending in total. This includes all
spending on banners, hoardings, tv ads, rallies, food, transport etc. PTI
without a doubt spent the most amongst the parties given their rallies, tv
ad campaigns, public hoardings etc. Any PTI supporter who speaks truth
would admit that his candidates spent more than 15 Lacs. In a fair system
every PTI candidate would have been disqualified. Secondly the behavior of
the supporters. Election laws forbid any person from in any manner
disclosing what party the person supports or will vote for whilst standing
in line to vote. This includes attire, party symbols and of course verbal
silence. One look at the election coverage and it appears that every PTI
voter decided to declare their never ending true love for the party. These
voters were liable to be disqualified in a fair system but the ROs and
agents (later after defeat, corrupt ROs and agents) ignored this and let
them vote. These were ignored not out of choice but necessity because PTI
is prone to violence. Today PTI holds their violation of law as evidence
that they had supporters in the elections by pointing to the TV coverage.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="7" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rule of law. Isn’t a prime minister supposed to set
examples of following the law. PTI supporters ask what other solutions were
there if not taking to the streets and trying to overthrow a government. I
can’t believe I’m writing this down but I suppose I must. The solution is
to take the matters to court like civilized nations do and if courts are
taking too long give applications for early hearings. If they are rejected
they can be appealed. Instead of laying siege on our sacred institutions,
the better idea is to spend energies on gathering evidence and presenting
those to the public instead of making meaningless accusations. Correct
thing would be to use those unlimited funds to educate the public with
evidence. Where needed go into public interest litigation, some of the
country’s largest corruption scandals were resolved when common people
filed cases of public interest e.g Pakistan Steel Mills, NRO etc. PTI has
never initiated a public cause in court but has on a few occasion joined
in. Most importantly PTI has MNA’s, MPAs and they have the KPK assembly.
They were voted in to legislate on issues and are being paid by the state
to do this job. Have they proposed any new anti-corruption bills or
election reform bills? If they had and the bills got rejected they would
have a moral right to claim that they were on the right side which they
don’t at the moment. What miraculous policy changes have we seen in the
KPK assembly this last one year?</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoListParagraph">
<br /></div>
<ol start="8" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">International. Imran Khan is a media darling no doubt.
He’s been a world cup champ and was used to the publicity he gets. Then
there were the women in his life Zeenat aman, Sita White, Jemima etc who
kept him as a talk of the town. Everyone knows Imran Khan and he does
enjoy the status of Pakistan’s most well known person internationally. But
does he have any alliances? PPP had Bhutto who made OIC and had personal
friendships with Shah Faisal and Qaddafi. PPP then due to its idealogy
continued to have friendships in all socialist countries until recently.
Nawaz Sharif is personal friends with leaders of some Arab countries and China.
Nawaz Sharif is India’s choice because previously PML N had good ties with
BJP and made progress in friendship. Even small parties like NP and AWP
have international ties due to their leftist ideologies. Where does Imran
Khan lie on the international plain? Which alliances has PTI made
internationally so far? Even the UK, Khan’s second home is supporting
Nawaz Sharif. Is there any other world leader who has shown interest in
Imran Khan? This is important because Pakistan is a main player in the
supposed great game. Presently China is investing heavily in Pakistan to
make rail projects. Arabs are looking for military support from us. Can we
risk destability of the government when there are countless wolves trying
to eat us up. Is seeing a Pakistani on the cover of Vogue Magazine really all
that we aspire for?</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="9" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Performance. PTI supporters bring up Shaukat Khanum as
an indicator of his ability. This cancer hospital is no doubt very well
run but what of his performance in KPK? During his government we saw
unprecedented terrorism and world’s biggest ever jail break. No
resignations were tendered by any PTI member. We saw an overall economic
improvement but the growth rates remained lower than Punjab and
Balochistan. We saw PTI give away the education ministry to JI after all
his speeches on educational emergency. We saw the KPK assembly increase
the perks and salaries of its members. What is worse is that we saw that
throughout the year that the subject of PTI’s interest was not KPK, it was
still Punjab.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoListParagraph">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="10" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Taliban. This is one topic every PTI supporter dreads
and rightly so. These TTP elements that khan sahib calls ‘misunderstood
nationalists’ have brought Pakistan to its knees with suicide bombings
everywhere. They have scarred us for life and ruined countless lives. Yet
Khan did not condemn them once whilst they were busy wiping out the
previous ruling party in KPK, ANP. During elections they openly threatened
ANP and its voters but khan sahib only benefited out of it. They have
openly targeted PPP but Khan Sahib sees nothing wrong with that either.
When a kid (Aitezaz) stopped a terrorist from bombing a school by
grappling him and dying in that attack, Khan sahib didn’t even bother
visiting his funeral or family or even stating that he was brave. When war
against them was imminent Khan sahib stood as a barrier calling it the
worst mistake Pakistan would make, 2 days later he changed his mind and
now fully supports it. But still the TTP request Imran Khan to be a
mediator with Pakistan.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="11" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ideology. There is non and that’s the basic problem.
I’ve been asking every PTI leader/supporter whom I know to tell me what
the ideology of PTI is and I still don’t know. It is just reactionary
politics.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoListParagraph">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="12" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hope. PTI is not as corrupt at PML N and PPP yet.
They’ve had only one year in power and no major corruption scandal has
emerged yet. Every PTI supporter I’ve ever spoken supports PTI for the
following reasons:</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)
What other option is there? PML N? PPP? MQM? JUI? No thank you</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b) </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c) </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
And that’s it. By promises of change which people so desperately needed, and by
an almost vulgar spending on marketing themselves PTI has managed to give
people the impression that there is no other option. The basic problem that
leftists like me have with PTI is that it gave people hope. We know that a
party without an ideology, action plan or agenda going around making tall
claims like we will finish corruption in 90 days is bound to fail. Its ultimate
failure will result in disillusionment of people from real change and a real
revolution. Change can only come when leaders come from within the poor people.
When leaders with their own children in England living in 300 kanal houses make
parties that have as central leaders pirs, industrialists, feudal landlords,
media barons, opportunistic turncoats etc we know that change will not come
because the candidates of that party are a beneficiary of the corrupt system.
The real threat is that people will lose hope and today’s Imran Khan supporting
youth will turn to a real leader tomorrow and say ‘you talk of change, we tried
change with Imran Khan and look where it led us.’ The real threat to the
country is the fact that those who intend to bring true change will never get a
chance and that’s more dangerous than anything I can think of.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-20972544716311797242012-10-16T04:18:00.000+05:002012-10-20T21:02:57.537+05:00Arbitration in Pakistan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh06ageICDzlUplgQd_yj8gLlct5UJnodvBfjQkwR6Ff-bX943MjtgnJLo6-ai-wnnyPBTD3fNn2AHH_U1YuP5pc8at4w8Hbuezp5mPt68WgzEc3vNstio5Gey2sNZ8bBxz2LhAVcPR3rw/s1600/Judge+Dredd+poster.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh06ageICDzlUplgQd_yj8gLlct5UJnodvBfjQkwR6Ff-bX943MjtgnJLo6-ai-wnnyPBTD3fNn2AHH_U1YuP5pc8at4w8Hbuezp5mPt68WgzEc3vNstio5Gey2sNZ8bBxz2LhAVcPR3rw/s320/Judge+Dredd+poster.jpg" width="257" /></a></div>
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Not much needs to be said about the importance of judiciary
in any particular state. In Pakistan where the governmental system is much like
that of the USA where all the three arms of the government are bound to each
other in a relationship that does not give any other arm extra strength. Unlike
our legal and colonial godfather UK, the Pakistani constitution does
not practice parliamentary supremacy. The obvious question that any one would
ask in this case is how to strengthen the judicial system which seems to be
very ineffective at times.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiJMX9tiwCVnfvd-AsJqb_I-cwmcetS9DNTG9nMueWpHlPpwN_AbzYg4sSn5pAW1tifUJP0OYRZmIFKm04rjruItTbL5o1MpIahhwnNwsXR-7M54_OIje6WClNwMsXFWjiMla4cMOLfEs/s1600/cla192a.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiJMX9tiwCVnfvd-AsJqb_I-cwmcetS9DNTG9nMueWpHlPpwN_AbzYg4sSn5pAW1tifUJP0OYRZmIFKm04rjruItTbL5o1MpIahhwnNwsXR-7M54_OIje6WClNwMsXFWjiMla4cMOLfEs/s320/cla192a.gif" width="274" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Consider the
difference between the case lists in Pakistan and USA. We go to
courts here and the average district judge has the responsibility of listening
to around 60 cases daily. Now let us fly our selves to New york where when you go with a dispute to
a court, the concerned parties are automatically referred to licensed
alternative dispute resolution practitioners or retired judged. The
arbitrators, mediators or reconciliators listen to the cases and pass a
judgment which if further contested goes to the court. However the result is
that around 90% of the disputes are resolved at the very first stage leaving
the courts with important matters where the judges can give their full
concentration to the case at hand and resolve it in a speedy and just manner.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24lLxpcCnrOLjfBQm8B51y7ZUIpsxRxLcxA_bzUqie_4vgzrLTOXwqYk4DECD1DllEYkrSv7p9IhbXDHVXMEGHjhf50iy5d8QdoZsuPaCyjG5qHCkrZRNNBiDn2uTIuKycBrvgl_YVHs/s1600/lit32.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24lLxpcCnrOLjfBQm8B51y7ZUIpsxRxLcxA_bzUqie_4vgzrLTOXwqYk4DECD1DllEYkrSv7p9IhbXDHVXMEGHjhf50iy5d8QdoZsuPaCyjG5qHCkrZRNNBiDn2uTIuKycBrvgl_YVHs/s1600/lit32.gif" /></a></div>
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Pakistani law does indeed provide for such alternative
dispute resolution under the Arbitration Act 1940 but it is dependent on there
being an arbitration agreement between the concerned parties. This act was a
huge step back in 1940 but today we live in 2011 where arbitration has become a
common and even necessary means of dispute resolution and international
arbitration centers have emerged all over the world. Our 1940 act remains
outdated when compared to the UK’s Arbitration Act of 1995 where we see that
our courts have terrific discretions to interfere with any arbitral proceedings
and they don’t shy from using that discretion either. The result has been Pakistan being
classified as an “arbitration blackspot” because of Pakistan’s failure to update its
laws to incorporate modern norms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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As per section 11 of the 1940 Act appointed arbitrators can
be removed by the courts. The court interference results in arbitral awards
being regularly challenged in the courts and their implementation has to be
done through the courts themselves under Section 17. The Court may modify the
arbitral award (section 15), remit the award for reconsideration by the
arbitrators (section 16) or even set it aside (section 30). The Act in general
is almost completely silent on the procedure of arbitration and contains no
direction on treatment of evidence and matters relating to disclosure.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSohTNcpJ3J_qlEHfpGfLEk8fc5qjI33eumQdeVSBg60KbF3z4WxnnlSvzILweKgZ_4NalHKusYfsAg9Jj16IkwkJVnQTAaPNDQkBgn-2K4cOfNY7HiRCaFQBYqtVzZX4MsSj-KiDcll0/s1600/ADR1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSohTNcpJ3J_qlEHfpGfLEk8fc5qjI33eumQdeVSBg60KbF3z4WxnnlSvzILweKgZ_4NalHKusYfsAg9Jj16IkwkJVnQTAaPNDQkBgn-2K4cOfNY7HiRCaFQBYqtVzZX4MsSj-KiDcll0/s1600/ADR1.png" /></a></div>
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These problems remain despite Pakistan being a signatory to the
New York Convention and the Washington Convention on Arbitrations. These
conventions have been ratified but adequate steps to implement the laws within
these conventions have still not been taken. The Pakistani Supreme court was
the world’s first court to award an injunction against ICSID arbitration which
is a form of arbitration not subject to any interference by the national
courts.</div>
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Whereas the interference by the Pakistani courts into
arbitrations has hampered the process of the development of formal alternative
dispute resolution forums, they cannot altogether be blamed. The need arises
because the arbitration setup within Pakistan is very haphazard and
scattered. Due to a lack of formal knowledge arbitrators themselves are often
in violation of standard procedures and crafty lawyers draft agreements that
allow a concerned party to become an arbitrator in his own case. The present
nature of the unfair arbitrations being conducted allow the court’s
interference as a relief incase injustice has been committed. In addition the New York and Washington
Convention are often seen as conventions that were organized to safeguard the
investments of foreign companies in a particular country. Their implementation
has been minimized in Pakistan
to prevent political upheavals.</div>
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It is suggested that in the case of Pakistan the
courts should establish arbitration forums that are run by former judges and
experienced lawyers. The lawyers appearing in arbitration proceedings should
not be members of the bar councils thereby barring litigating and they should
be solely arbitration lawyers. In addition any particular lawyer or judge
should have not more than three arbitration cases at a time to prevent delays. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinzVbl8Och3Ornf-CZ68pFfeBJX74SBnaqtNn4tsQpfFHKfhWgFnQ3VqJpp8Y3Dm9ACcBrYt0pWib-Y5Oow4YyWXFMOQNgKREQFiwHgXfMV709ka8TyouC3oyE_9GbpQLKy00D_Y8i6gY/s1600/cartoon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinzVbl8Och3Ornf-CZ68pFfeBJX74SBnaqtNn4tsQpfFHKfhWgFnQ3VqJpp8Y3Dm9ACcBrYt0pWib-Y5Oow4YyWXFMOQNgKREQFiwHgXfMV709ka8TyouC3oyE_9GbpQLKy00D_Y8i6gY/s320/cartoon.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The possible success of court organized arbitration can be
evidenced by an experiment in alternative dispute resolution conducted in the
Lahore High Court in the year 2000. The then Chief Justice Mian Allah Nawaz
ordered for the instituting of a mediation and conciliation forum for family
law matters. In three months 16000 cases were disposed off as apposed to the
normal rate of around 1000 in courts. This success was lauded by several
international forums including the World Bank and replicated in other
countries. Sadly not only was this institution abolished but no other was ever
made in its place. </div>
</div>
Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-77784960046726129072012-10-13T01:11:00.001+05:002012-10-21T00:19:41.073+05:00Pakistan in space<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl12O7W0-YCLOeP3RldHczOjDcJ5e39FSjKmw89JeHo_qCl67IzUYeRTfwXywgKHPq4gBSlCs-er-dA_lvnPDhYfU43rTIM3rOtI3bk5cFB3ounoGpq6fCmwO0NSx4QhKb-VQe-tDPHWQ/s1600/415738-LaggingbehindDesignMahaHaider-1343760510-222-640x480.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl12O7W0-YCLOeP3RldHczOjDcJ5e39FSjKmw89JeHo_qCl67IzUYeRTfwXywgKHPq4gBSlCs-er-dA_lvnPDhYfU43rTIM3rOtI3bk5cFB3ounoGpq6fCmwO0NSx4QhKb-VQe-tDPHWQ/s640/415738-LaggingbehindDesignMahaHaider-1343760510-222-640x480.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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The space week is almost at an end and we all sit waiting eagerly to see what the Hubble has to show us next.We might think Star Wars is fiction but in reality it is not
too far from the truth. Space and technology have always held an overwhelming
sway over the imaginations of this planets residents and has manifested its
prowess over the centuries. Long ago heliocentric models constructed by
rudimentary instruments led to an age of enlightenment. In the recent history
it was the space race that determined the fate of the cold war. </div>
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It was 50 years ago when a Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin
left the thresholds of our planet. Since then many developed countries have
joined the space race and are spending tremendous amounts to keep up the
competition. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwNh0preN_a0KurRhjenME4QTz8Z1vqwmbUwQqfH3nc28jXYtj_B-ZjmPVjFfU9DriuPhjr7uRXxlzxJM5DzdPSIJAbii0jIFzEX0OAujnKc3B0GvYJrbPiP0vFKr0KgtsKwCp53gqWhc/s1600/PAK-SAT-1R-400x300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwNh0preN_a0KurRhjenME4QTz8Z1vqwmbUwQqfH3nc28jXYtj_B-ZjmPVjFfU9DriuPhjr7uRXxlzxJM5DzdPSIJAbii0jIFzEX0OAujnKc3B0GvYJrbPiP0vFKr0KgtsKwCp53gqWhc/s320/PAK-SAT-1R-400x300.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Pakistan
however is a unique exception. A developing country burdened with abject
poverty and loans but soaring hopes and sky high dreams. In 1998 against all
odds it became a nuclear state and now it is vying to become an active member
of the space age. The Pakistani government is spending a whopping $82 million
on its National Space Program. The primary Pakistani space agency SUPARCO has
the goals of launching Pakistani satellites from Pakistani rockets into space.
So far 3 satellites have been launched by Pakistan with foreign rockets. The
first satellite Badr-1 was launched and has successfully completed its life. Paksat-1
the second satellite developed malfunctions soon after its launch and it has
been decommissioned now. It will now be replaced by Paksat-1R. The third
satellite Badr-B’s existence is suspect primarily because it could possibly be
used for spying purposes. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Presently Pakistan is in
the process of developing its own low cost Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV).
Further there are plans to co-operate with the Chinese space program and send a
Pakistani man abroad. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjglSCbexCYnHvCEfDQiHlFFWWddy-gOax3ZaGrYayMdhlM81I3RlPp4UjaxkQfjmf7k-QuPFBto54la8W3hpXWVzdeXAz1OS6LOres0CBTJeKUs4RLN8dQvbgmJwq2CUimpLfhepLx2s/s1600/paksat-master_543.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjglSCbexCYnHvCEfDQiHlFFWWddy-gOax3ZaGrYayMdhlM81I3RlPp4UjaxkQfjmf7k-QuPFBto54la8W3hpXWVzdeXAz1OS6LOres0CBTJeKUs4RLN8dQvbgmJwq2CUimpLfhepLx2s/s320/paksat-master_543.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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It could be argued that a poor country like Pakistan should
not be wasting funds on far fetched ideas like space technology. However by
developing indigenous technology countries reap the fringe benefits of
developing a host of other technologies and industry. The impact on the morale
of people is also marvelous and serves to boost national pride and the status
of Pakistan
in the world as a muslim leader on all cutting edge technology forefronts. When asked by generals how a particle accelarator would help make a better bomb, Robert R. Wilson, the head of the Fermilabs in USA replied<span class="style1"> to the national security meeting"It only has to do with the respect with which we
regard one another, the dignity of men, our love of culture. It has to
do with those things. It has to do with, are we good painters, good
sculptors, great poets? I mean all the things that we really venerate
and honor in our country and are patriotic about. It has nothing to do
directly with defending our country except to help make it worth
defending."</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmm-DOwybjR9uAN31l_m-J_SEMOmk7APRnGujrKn734CDuvUAzNOrYkyAUVlMne_Tc6LmxutaD5YXf1Y5JyumQXUDjdNTsioIoVbq-WOOv43jJviG0P-XNNWQ3dVaiCidCQxKKywb6eFo/s1600/4309_1147194633389_1033247452_420610_4649555_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmm-DOwybjR9uAN31l_m-J_SEMOmk7APRnGujrKn734CDuvUAzNOrYkyAUVlMne_Tc6LmxutaD5YXf1Y5JyumQXUDjdNTsioIoVbq-WOOv43jJviG0P-XNNWQ3dVaiCidCQxKKywb6eFo/s320/4309_1147194633389_1033247452_420610_4649555_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even though Pakistan lacks technically
up to date observatories and education of formal space sciences in its
universities its space program is ambitious. Pakistani students and youth have
taken active interest in these fields and are bound to display their talents. </div>
</div>
Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-55726861991934003852012-10-10T16:06:00.002+05:002012-10-20T21:01:52.695+05:00US and India Trade deals and how they have changed the security balance in South Asia (written in 2010)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqD8JLXsNiVM0ZST1DEkxaEtqjFNQ2fsYqWctgNsxvHtsBmmTCyjucO8B8TnwgObjcws0-0C3POZ_m9Om1X9xiFix-6NpJx9iT0AIXD9hxTq4i7-wlmpvQ42ly1cox56t4ReZO-v90QvI/s1600/Nuclear-explosion.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqD8JLXsNiVM0ZST1DEkxaEtqjFNQ2fsYqWctgNsxvHtsBmmTCyjucO8B8TnwgObjcws0-0C3POZ_m9Om1X9xiFix-6NpJx9iT0AIXD9hxTq4i7-wlmpvQ42ly1cox56t4ReZO-v90QvI/s320/Nuclear-explosion.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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“There are many cumbersome ways to kill a man” is the title
of a poem by Edwin Brock’s 1997 Poem. He says that ‘in the age of aero planes,
one may fly miles above his victim and dispose of him by pressing one small
switch. All one then requires is an ocean to separate him, two systems of
government…’ and so on. With over 62 years of animosity Pakistan and India do not
seem to require the ocean that Edwin Brock speaks of and clearly has a much
more complex situation. However the USA through its nuclear technology
focused 2006 deals and aircraft focused 2010 deals has no doubt changed the
political scenario of South Asia and is
continuing to have drastic effects on the entire world. For India Edwin Brock
forgot to mention that the equipment should state ‘made in USA’.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCDXwCgEe7_zMME3hBrxXPHYeGQfDeU0IaxOLMt8KzNUW0V5r_9V8z8nLZx0wFQEFcXrJcVB3_nJf6i0MRVsfw6kPrm_pCa-BfnIZaguH9JuCEooLQhyphenhyphenJEpelTkWN-czq1K3q8xrFZitM/s1600/tumblr_lyqpluuye71r55d2io1_500.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCDXwCgEe7_zMME3hBrxXPHYeGQfDeU0IaxOLMt8KzNUW0V5r_9V8z8nLZx0wFQEFcXrJcVB3_nJf6i0MRVsfw6kPrm_pCa-BfnIZaguH9JuCEooLQhyphenhyphenJEpelTkWN-czq1K3q8xrFZitM/s320/tumblr_lyqpluuye71r55d2io1_500.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However whose interest is the deal in and who
is benefiting from it is questionable. There are two aspects to this deal (a)
The US is exploiting India by selling weapons and aircrafts to a poor
developing country which are in turn being used against Pakistan and other
states in the region by the Indian government or (b) the US is supporting
Indian military build up and increased importance in the region and is
therefore fuelling a militant mindset within India by providing weapons and
signing deals.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3FIdTYuTfUygre3wCYdgBf0uuBHcRO44Us-FfI_x1Ih7Eah9Pdh-DvcpLlPDw0l7wwpzZuwabNxkIFr6DGSs5C7V0235KkgvTw3dj257OCITDlmCkusexMDSy4GvyJy1EhfcScVYLqSo/s1600/modernwarfare2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3FIdTYuTfUygre3wCYdgBf0uuBHcRO44Us-FfI_x1Ih7Eah9Pdh-DvcpLlPDw0l7wwpzZuwabNxkIFr6DGSs5C7V0235KkgvTw3dj257OCITDlmCkusexMDSy4GvyJy1EhfcScVYLqSo/s320/modernwarfare2.jpg" width="320" /></a>The first aspect is that of India acquiring weapons for the
modernization of its military. These weapons are primarily being brought from
the US
and include weapons that the US
would not supply to any other country. In February this year at the DefExpo
2010 trade fair in New Delhi
the Defense Minister A.K Antony stated that the Indian defense expenditure is
going to increase. Further he stated “our defense industry is open up to 100
percent for Indian private sector, while foreign direct investment is allowed
up to 26 percent.” </div>
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Over the next 12 years, India is set to spend a whopping
US$200 billion on defense acquisitions to replace its outdated inventory. In
this regard, on February 15,
2010, a report of the Indian strategic defense magazine (India
Strategic’s DefExpo) revealed that 70 per cent of the inventory of the Indian
armed forces is 20-plus years old, and needs to be replaced with the modern
technology. It explained that nearly half of this funding ($100b) will go to
the Indian Air Force (IAF), which would need to replace more than half of its
combat jet fleet as well as the entire transport aircraft and helicopter fleet.
The army needs new guns, tanks, rocket launchers, multi-terrain vehicles, while
the navy needs ships, aircraft carriers and new range of nuclear
submarines. </div>
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The US
has emerged as a potential military supplier to India since the two countries
signed a deal of civil energy technology in 2008, which lifted sanctions on New Delhi in order to
import nuclear technology. India
is likely to become a major customer for the US military-industrial complex over
the next few years. During the recent visit of the US Secretary of State Robert Gates
to New Delhi,
American Defence officials, however, have said that US weapons sales to India would not
be a focus of the trip. Regardless of such denials, the key reason for the
Gates’ visit can be found in the fact that India is planning to raise its
military budget by 50% to almost $40 billion. In contrast to India’s planned
defence expenditures, Pakistan’s
entire 2009-10 budget amounts to little over $30 billion. Such spending on
military expenses is very questionable by a third world country with a majority
of its population still in abject states of poverty.</div>
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India,
the largest arms buyer among emerging nations, accounted for 7.5 per cent of
all international arms sales between 2000 and 2007. It has spent billions of
dollars in the past few years on purchases of planes, radars and ships from US,
Britain,
France, Germany
and Russia
and Israel.
In recent years, India
has bought reconnaissance aircraft from US aerospace major Boeing worth 2.1
billion-dollars, medium range missiles for 1.4 billion dollars from Israeli
Aerospace Industries, and signed an upgrade service contract with the Russian
Aircraft Corporation to upgrade its MiG 29 squadrons for 965 million dollars.
Several deals are planned for the near future including one of the largest arms
contracts of recent times—a 11-billion-dollar project to acquire 126 multi-role
combat aircraft from the US. </div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether this is because India wants to
become a mini-superpower of the region and hence it uses the pretext of
deterrence against Pakistan and China or is being exploited and coaxed into
spending money on acquiring weapons by the US is of course still unknown.</div>
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Currently, more than half of India’s
budget is allocated for military, paramilitary, various security forces and
debt servicing. That leaves less than half for everything else including
infrastructure development projects, education, healthcare, poverty
alleviation, and various human services. New Delhi’ s latest arms buildup will
leave even less for what India needs most to lift hundreds of millions of its
citizens from abject poverty, hunger illiteracy and disease which continues to
hamper any chances of real economic progress within the country. </div>
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Indian civil society organisations, while complaining of excessive defence
spending indicated that the government spends twice as much on defence as on
the social sector. The defence budget for 2009-2010 is 29 billion dollars, up
34 percent over the previous one. Indian defence analyst Ravinder Pal Singh,
while calling New Delhi’s
unending defence spending at the cost of poverty-alleviation—with security
requirements competing with socio-economic concerns for money calls it
guns-versus-butter question Even some of Indian officials are surprised in
relation to Indian defence expenditure which has no bounds. For example, an
official of the country’s finance ministry remarked, “There is a
dilemma…poverty needs to be eradicated to prevent men from taking to the
guns…but more funds for security means less money for poverty alleviation.”</div>
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Meanwhile, a report of United Nations pointed out that India ranks
134th of 182 countries on the United Nations Development Programme’s Human
Development Index. It estimated that 50 per cent of the world’s undernourished
population lives in India.
Nearly 31 per cent of the billion-plus Indians earn less than a dollar a day.
Secretary General of the Control Arms Foundation of India Binalakshmi Nepram
said, “When people are dying of poverty and bad sanitation, what protection
will arms provide them?” On the one hand, international community has been
making strenuous efforts for world peace in wake of global financial crisis and
war against terrorism, on the other, India has initiated deadly nuclear
arms in South Asia where people are already
facing multiple problems of grave nature. Majority of South Asian people are
living below the poverty level, lacking basic facilities like fresh food and
clean water. While yielding to acute poverty, every day, some persons commit
suicide in India,
Pakistan,
Sri Lanka etc due to the ongoing wars in the region.</div>
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Setting aside regional problems, and resolution of Indo-Pak issues-especially
thorny dispute of Kashmir, Indian rulers state
that they don’t have any aggressive designs. But it becomes a big joke of the
21st century, reminding a maxim, “armed to the teeth, but no enemy”, if we take
cognisance of India’s
unending defence expenditure.</div>
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However these arms are being used to uphold some devious
designs either from the US
government or the Indian government. The full transcript issued by the pentagon
following the South Asian Tour of US defense Secretary clearly stated that
"I would tell you that the United
States clearly has not or has ever propped
up India.
India
has not needed us for that purpose and, in fact, those familiar with the
history would know that our relationship with India was fairly strained until not
too many years ago," These remarks were made when the Defense Secretary
was volleyed by questions from Pakistani journalists who accused him of
propping India
against Pakistan.
These questions were thrown at him in response to his statement “India has
responded with great restraint and statesmanship after the Mumbai terror
attacks. But the ability to continue with it after another attack is under
question… It is not reasonable to assume that Indian patience is unlimited in
case of another attack”. These remarks were issued after a joint meeting with
Indian Defence Minister A.K. Antony.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTbK31C42v-4mZl5Octg049xYsn-9uUHi_OFqjO44hyqsfqbOPLiB06g0Y-cAlSxH9SItCqQyY0mhG85HVnH0DVSbdrQrdG8kF1YMDmmIg1-49L_vgLvZeWTu2k8AshrjYheYe6dTZCBA/s1600/post-1137767820.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTbK31C42v-4mZl5Octg049xYsn-9uUHi_OFqjO44hyqsfqbOPLiB06g0Y-cAlSxH9SItCqQyY0mhG85HVnH0DVSbdrQrdG8kF1YMDmmIg1-49L_vgLvZeWTu2k8AshrjYheYe6dTZCBA/s320/post-1137767820.jpg" width="240" /></a>These statements clearly reveals the admission of a new role
for India
in the region. There is ample talk of how India is being used to counter China and Russia. The US plans for
regional domination can only be achieved through India by keeping other forces in
check and accessing the natural resources of Afghanistan, Central
Asia and the Caspian region or by denying access to the same to China and Russia. The
increased Indian diplomatic efforts in Central Asia
and its extremely heavy involvement in Afghanistan with linkages with the US are clear
indicators that India
is fulfilling a role.</div>
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Yet such statements issued by the Foreign Secretary who is
the only remaining legacy of Bush in the Obama Cabinet have harkened memories
of sadness for Pakistan
who were awaiting a change in government and indeed a change in the US policy
towards the region. These statements were labeled as ‘very irresponsible’ by
the Prime minister Yousaf Raza Gillani. The statement has clear underlying
implications. Firstly that non-state actors can easily nudge the states into a
total state of war. Secondly the long history of CBM’s and composite dialogue
has been futile and the peace of both nations hangs by a thread. Thirdly the US will not
intervene if India
attacks Pakistan
because inevitably the non-state actors will be Pakistani’s and therefore Pakistan will
be responsible.</div>
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Ever since 2006 two major incidents have taken place in India for which
Pakistan
was blamed through use of Non-state actors. Firstly the Samjhuata express
bombing of February 2007 and then the Mumbai attacks of 26 November 2008. In both cases India was quick
to levy accusations against Pakistan
in a very unthoughful and impulsive manner. Later investigations have revealed
the contrary. The investigations showed that the Samjhuata express bombings
took were planned and executed by retired Indian Army officers most prominent
of them being Lt. Col P.S.Purohit whose network included ties to Shiv Sena and
BJP. Similarly Ajmal Kasab has revealed to the Indian Courts that he was under
custody of the Indian intelligence agencies and was brought to the place of the
attack and was asked to participate in the attack. Such revelations are vital
for understanding the Indian designs and its new found thirst for power.</div>
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Indian involvement has been uncovered at FATA and
Balochistan within Pakistan.
Reports of their involvement were shared with the US and with Indian Governments. Yet
the US
keeps pressing Pakistan
to continue its wars on the western borders against the Afghanistani Taliban
therefore denuding its forces on the eastern border. Adding to the military
problems is the Indian stance on major unresolved issues like Kashmir,
Water, Siachen and Sir Creek on which it continues to be stubborn. Such matters
indicate that the security balance has indeed changed ever since the deal. India continues
to abstain from signing the NPT and deals with the US have allowed India the
quantitive advantage over Pakistan
to produce nuclear weapons and fissle materials. Ever since the 2006 deal India is able
to use freed up resources to make atleast 280 nuclear weapons a year. Pakistan has
questioned the Conference on Disarmament’s only focus on ‘cutting-off’ further
production, however it needs to be kept in mind by Pakistan that delays in the same
will only exacerbate the nuclear race in India until a consensus is
reached.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-49172912444776380422012-05-08T13:34:00.000+05:002012-10-20T21:01:10.674+05:00Zonked out Zakat<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The recent Hajj scandal created copious furor amongst the faithfuls who saw a glimpse of the how klepocratic governance taints a pillar of the religion. Whilst there is not much the government can do with the other 3 pillars, one pillar in particular has been desecrated for too long now. The pillar of Zakat. As a part of his Islamisation package General Zia introduced the Zakar and Ushr Ordinance of 1980 which was supposed to usher Pakistan into a new age of egalitarianism and equality by forcing everyone to pay zakat as a state duty rather than a religious duty. This was to be enforced through all means of state operations and applied to banks as well. A bulky bureaucratic system was established to conduct the affairs and ensure that the faithful do indeed perform their religious duty. Countless scandals have heaped up with the incorrect use of the zakat money. We hear of it being used to fund frivolous government expenses of cars for ministers and even holiday trips to luxury islands. The Shiites are exempt from this government duty and as a result of this marred ordinance the government books saw a surge in the population of people who identify themselves as Shias.</div>
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The system of Zakat was introduced in Islam to reduce the disparity between the rich and the poor. We all hear of the example of Zakat working so well that in the times of Hazrat Umar there were zakat payers but no one wanted to receive it because they had already benefited so much from the zakat. Zakat needs to be differentiated from government imposed taxes. Even the most incorrigible tax evader would happily pay zakat because it is a divine duty and not one that can be imposed by the state upon an individual. Given that it is a divine duty the practice is essentially voluntary. By bringing zakat under the state system the government has gained access to tremendous funds that people pay along with their taxes. The province of Punjab alone had gathered more than Rs. 40 billion in zakat collections last year. Despite such tremendous funds we see that the income disparity is rising and the developmental projects that could benefit the poor are being capped.</div>
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There are however several changes that can be fashioned to save the poor of Pakistan and the faithful zakat payers from complete disillusionment from the state. The first and most important amongst these moves is depoliticizing the zakat department. Presently all the officials are government appointees and whoever gets voted into power, appoints their own people. For zakat funds to be spent by biased officials in the PML or PPP constituencies depending on where which votes were cast is fundamentally repugnant to the concept itself.</div>
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It is suggested that an alternate zakat system be devised on the ideas of devolution and decentralization. This would involve creation of lists of zakat payer which would be created by the zakat payers themselves in any particular area. These lists would be an electoral college and from amongst them the zakat payers will select officials to spend the zakat on tehsil and district levels. The spending of zakat, rather then being doled out to beggars, needs to be instead utilized in the formation of industries and economic units that generate income and employment for the people. </div>
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The government still needs to regulate the zakat collection and spending to prevent mismanagement by appointed individuals. For this authority however only a monitoring role is needed and therefore calls for the axing of almost all senior positions in the zakat department. The white elephant named the Zakat Ministry also needs to abolished in this detoxification drive. The parasitic ministry and senior positions are all utilizing government funds for functions that could just as well be performed by individuals if not better. For governmental control and the retention of guidance that popular elected governments can impart the zakat departments need to be brought under the Chief Minister. The chairman of the department is to be appointed by the chief minister to ensure government interest and guiding role. The secretary of the department would also be answerable directly to the Chief Minister.</div>
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The political interest of parties in zakat collection and implementation needs to be retained because of the zakat has ample effects on the government budget and economic policies. It increases the productivity of a state by improving the health and nourishment and also expands the physical, mental and spiritual abilities of the citizens. It influences the prices of commodities and increases investments in certain areas. Since it increases consumption, the employment rates also rise. It is also an important tool in formulating an economic policy. Its use however must be wise and democratic in nature to ensure fair collection and dispersion.</div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-6675050825744190732012-05-07T18:09:00.000+05:002012-10-20T21:00:33.293+05:00Diyyat: your route to justice<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Protests against the release of Raymond Davis are just the latest in the fiasco caused by the concept of Diyyat. Essentially an ancient pre-islamic practice, they were brought to Pakistan in a box of chocolates named Islamisation that General Zia gifted to us. These were later wrapped into the shiny foil of an Ordinance by Benazir Bhutto in 1990. Forest Gump a visionary no doubt states, that with such chocolates you never know what you get and we keep swallowing the dark ones.</div>
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Here’s the skinny on Diyyat, you commit a murder and you can go completely free from any punishment be from the state or a divine entity if you can pay the price, just like what Mastercard says. Countless cases show such desi Raymonds living a life of freedom and peace thanks to the money paid. For the more curious amongst the readers some cases references are PLD 1992 Pesh 187, 1993 PCrLJ 1795, PLJ 1997 CrC 1122, 2000 PCrLJ 116 and 1997 PCrLJ 247. The more advanced Islamic nations have even decided on Diyyat rates that should apply to a particular scenario. As a rule of the thumb a woman murdered is worth half the money as that of a man. Non muslims get lesser than muslims in with the Christians getting the most, followed by the Jews and Hindu’s the least. Yemen makes an exception by giving more to the Jews than even the muslims. Iran improvises by adjusting the rates according to the month in which the murder took place. A flourishing jurisprudence is being developed in the philosophy of Diyyat the world over by scholars and in the times to come we shall all experience the wonders of the justice brought on by the assignment of a monetary value on human life based on strict calculations of gender, age, race, religion, social status, location and even time. </div>
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A justice system based on two parties and how they conduct their affairs in a particular contract independent of any interference by any regulatory authority is a utopian anarchist dream. But that would mean also the complete removal of a state and all state machinery. A state figuratively speaking comes into being when individuals get together and sign a social contract. They decide that they will make a group where they will bestow powers upon certain members of the state and to them they will surrender their freedoms and rights. That they will pay taxes and they will follow the rules and laws set by those power bestowed members. In return, however it the duty of the state to protect them, nourish them, provide them with facilities and amenities and treat them equally. When a crime is committed it is not committed against an individual, it is committed against a state. This is because it is the laws of the state that have been broken and every individual is a component of the state. Therefore the ideals of equality come in where in equal punishment needs to be meted out to every crime that we experience.</div>
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When diyyat is followed a state not only refuses to implement its own criminal justice system but goes as far as to absolve itself of any responsibility related to the individual who died. The murdered individual was a citizen of the state and the direct responsibility of the state itself. If the individual was a bread earner of a family then it is the duty of the state to support and nourish the family rather than allow them to receive money for the blood of their relative. Diyyat gives way to a new crime, one that is not a crime at all in fact in Pakistan, the crime of economic duress. If a murderer can murder a person and pay for it, then he will no doubt use all his money and resources to force the family of the deceased into accepting that blood stained money. The concept itself was introduced in a tribal war waging society where a state system to support individuals had not developed. Today in the 21st century such laws are obsolete and downright repugnant to the basic concepts of Islam and equality. If such crimes are to be justified by economics then it won’t be long before crimes of rape, kidnapping, defamation, slavery etc will have a price set on them. If life itself can be quantified then there is no reason why its subsidiaries such as honor, dignity and freedom can not have a price.<br />
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Raymond left us in a flash after paying 20 crore rupees in cash, that as per the law were supposedly counted and recounted in half an hour (they make 40,000 notes of 5000 rupees). We now have to decide what will happen in the future.</div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-37194848334754081312012-05-06T18:09:00.000+05:002012-10-20T21:00:01.726+05:00Raymond Davis the movie<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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We all love watching hollywood action movies in which our american heroes bravely drift cars too fast too furious whilst shooting expendable bullets in their mission impossibles. Little did we think then how these glorified heroes are actually violating many laws and more often then not have the biggest superpower in the world to support their crazy antics. Today we have such a trigger happy fellow amongst us and for many hollywood movie buffs abroad we are the villians.</div>
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In this movie major figures in the politics of Pakistan like Shah Mahmood Qureshi lost their status in the government and caused a massive rift in the foriegn policy due to just one character.When it comes to figures like Raymond Davis little can be said because what we know is scant. Let's see what we do know in the first place about this 36 year old gunslinger. We know that he was driving through the streets of Lahore and unloaded a fully loaded Glock through the windshield on two Pakistani men riding on a motorbike. He ran from the incident and was arrested. To make matters worse a Batmobile (read american consulate SUV) sped to rescue this vigilanti and knocked to death another Pakistani man and disappeared. </div>
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We also know that he gets quite disturbed by the azan during the fajr hours and enjoys food from a well known chinese eatery in jail. What we dont know yet however is this man's real name, perhaps even his age, his job, his diplomatic status, any possible superhuman ability and well just about everything else is shourded in a blanket of mystery. The assialants too were for some unknown reasons perhaps carrying guns, stolen mobile phones and as rumours have it even a wad of US dollars.</div>
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The settings are classic for the average action movie director but this dies make a lawyers job difficult doesn't it?</div>
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So our mystery man claims that he acted in self defense and from sniper aims, it appears that he had experience in self defense. The Pakistan Penal Code allows the plea of self defense under sections 96, 97 and 100 but ofcourse one has to prove that they had a real threat to their lives first.</div>
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Given that the evidence of threat to life is not sufficient there starts a whole charade of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 1971 which applies applies to diplomats. But the problem here is that we dont know anything about Davis so does the Convention apply? The US embassy quickly granted him backdated documents makes him a member of the embassy's technical and administrative staff so that he qualifies for section 37(2) of the same Convention. The matter is now to be decided by the ministry of foriegn affairs of Pakistan which is carefully monitoring the pulse and tempratures of public and the american embassy. The tempratures abroad have risen considerably with the surprise visit from Kerry and a call from Obama.The interior minister of Pakistan with its vast resources is already fully in co-operation with the US and is willing to help out when and where needed. For some unknown reasons the Ministry of Information is also issuing statements even though the relevent ministry involved has not made a decision yet.</div>
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So here we have a man who is possibly a member of a dark and fluid private security firm very much like the Justice League in comics. We know that such firms have been recipients of massive contracts and have stretched their operations through out the region. We know from the experiences of Iraq that they can be quite lethal and we know that International Law does not apply to private firms or their members and domestic laws will be used to deal with them. So to protect him there is a need to agree that he was infact a technical and administrative officer and therefore falls into the ambit of the Vienna Convention.</div>
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Would there then be a legal recourse? Apart from the far fetched idea that the US could if they wanted waive the immunity under article 32 of the Convention there are three legal cards Pakistan still has left.</div>
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Firstly as per law it is for Pakistan to decide if Davis does indeed enjoy such diplomatic immunity. The incorporation of these international treaties into the pakistani legislations was done with slight amendments affording Pakistan the decision making power.</div>
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Secondly there is Article 41 of the same Convention that states that it is a duty of a diplomat to respect the laws and regulations of the recieving state. That they have a duty not to interfere with the functioning of the host state. Perhaps the time has come for Pakistan to ask "Come on Davis, tell us what you were really doing here?"</div>
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Thirdly and most importantly Pakistan is also a signatory to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 1963 which came two years after the above mentioned Convention and supercedes it. Article 41 of which states that "Consular officers shall not be liable to arrest or detention pending trial, except in the case of a grave crime and pursuant to a decision by the competent judicial authority".</div>
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One can presume safely that the crime committed was indeed grave and the present courts are indeed competent judicial authorities. But the 1963 convention is dependent on Davis claiming to be a Consular officer. If he claims to be a diplomat under the 1961 Convention he is in violation of the article 41 again by carrying arms specifically when the interior ministry has issued clear regulations disallowing any diplomat from carrying arms.</div>
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One can only state here that the law is not supportive of Raymond but I believe that movie fans abroad are at the edge of their seats and biting their nails as they see a couple of rambo-esque figures mount a Chinook helicopter to rescue their brother Raymond. They say the movie will be a blockbuster.</div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-50132254665494041482012-05-05T21:13:00.000+05:002012-10-20T20:59:20.756+05:00Nuclear Recommendations<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The Current US foreign policy views the Pakistani Nuclear arsenal as a direct threat to their national security. An insight into this thought can be seen in the book ‘Seven Deadly Scenarios’ by Andrew Krepinevich who is the president of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assesments. The book states that the most likely and eminent deadly scenario is the collapse of Pakistan wherein radical Islamists will take over the Pakistani nuclear weapons. The second ‘deadly scenario’ mentioned in the book is that the nuclear weapons will be smuggled onto US soil and will be against its citizens. This book is clear suggestion of how seriously Pakistani nuclear weapons are taken by the worlds biggest superpower. Their pressure on the governments of Pakistan is expected to increase with time. It is likely to culminate in economic and political sanctions over time. Signing a treaty such as FMCT can prevent such damage and instead use this as an opportunity to receive development related aid.</div>
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The treaty is supported and signed by over 61 countries with notables like Australia, Canada and Germany. It has the backing of several UN general assembly resolutions and is a widely popular. This treaty has also gained prominence after President Obama’s speech in Prague over cutting nuclear weapons. Signing this at this moment will illuminate Pakistan as a responsible participant of the international community. Signing the treaty can be used to leverage more aid and co-operation from the international community for development of civilian nuclear power plants with in the country.</div>
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It is estimated that Pakistan has almost as many nuclear weapons as India if not more. The stock pile can be estimated to be approx 100 nuclear weapons and slightly more than Indian stockpiles. These stocks are enough to last several war possibilities with India and other states therefore further production is not required. Increasing stocks result in increased security threats from terrorist elements. India also has more than necessary number of nuclear warheads to wage a war against Pakistan. An increase in their nuclear stockpile will not cause any further destruction than is already possible. Both countries posses enough nuclear weapons to completely wipe out the living population from the sub-continent. The treaty should be signed and Pakistan should try to secure a missile defense system for itself in return.</div>
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Pakistan has previously been importing uranium for its nuclear weapons. Mining was started in Baghalchur for uranium where 10 metric tons of ‘yellow cake’ uranium was extracted and mining was closed down in 1998. Tumman Leghari mines were opened in Southern Punjab but not much uranium was extracted. Further exploration is being conducted in Dera Ghazi Khan to look for uranium reserves. Pakistan has no plutonium mines and uranium is the only element being enriched for nuclear power and weapons. The Khushab reactor and the KANUPP reactor both require 10 and 17 metric tons of uranium respectively anually for continued production of weapon grade uranium. It is therefore clear that the country has no uranium reserves to continue the production of nuclear weapons. In this light signing a cut-off treaty will make little practical difference.</div>
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The plutonium reactors gifted to Pakistan from China will start producing nuclear grade plutonium after several decades and will involve heavy economic burdens. The country currently needs to spend its budget on development and growth as apposed to research on nuclear weapons. Becoming a signatory to this treaty will re-enforce the Pakistani image of a peaceful nation committed to its development and growth.</div>
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In 1998 Pakistan willingly cut back on its nuclear production. It is now a member of CTBT. The CTBT already places more restrictions than the FMCT. Pakistan is under immense international pressure to sign the FMCT and the same can be signed by negotiating deals for buying nuclear material for civilian use from the international community.</div>
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What matters in modern warfare is not only the nuclear warhead but also the carrying vehicles. Pakistan has produced missiles considerably better than their Indian counterpart but the use of jets and ships is lacking. Pakistan should use this treaty to negotiate deals for its air force and navy and secure China’s assistance in improving its missile technology. </div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-2489839047444750292012-05-01T14:31:00.000+05:002012-10-20T20:58:06.619+05:00Whats up with foreign degrees?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Whilst doing the Bar at Law from <st1:city w:st="on">Lincoln</st1:city>’s <st1:place w:st="on">Inn</st1:place>
it always struck me and other fellow Pakistanis as peculiar to see that the
Pakistani’s enrolled in the course were above 30 in number and there was only
one Indian student. I rationalized this fact by assuming that <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country> as yet
does not offer any degree equal to the Bar at Law and perhaps <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">India</st1:country> has
developed such courses indigenously. However this assumption couldn’t hold true
for long when a similar pattern was noticed in the undergraduate degrees in
law. <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>
does indeed offer undergraduate law degrees and I daresay some are extremely
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We got the answer to the question when the process of
looking for jobs in <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>
started. Every job opening circled red on a newspaper stated requirements to
the effect of ‘foreign degrees will be preferred’. This reprehensible trend can
be found even in job openings of the public sector and is a classic example of
the continuing colonial impact on our society. Why if two students having
studied the same degree would a foreign qualified be given preference? The
Pakistani student who would have greater knowledge and experience of local
language, society and culture is instead penalized publicly.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ_RumBBa4O_0X7BmHp5XS2PF37zwQzygqPaV-SPdWNNwDPmYHaAU0D8GVWWlk7JCXM2p9BE6iG6IVJdIFosvamZdmwz0m7g2lWFQaWrL2fF5tT1wPWheEguBHaahli6mfD1BSYXBb-1Q/s1600/some-people-are-more-equal-than-others.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ_RumBBa4O_0X7BmHp5XS2PF37zwQzygqPaV-SPdWNNwDPmYHaAU0D8GVWWlk7JCXM2p9BE6iG6IVJdIFosvamZdmwz0m7g2lWFQaWrL2fF5tT1wPWheEguBHaahli6mfD1BSYXBb-1Q/s320/some-people-are-more-equal-than-others.jpg" width="247" /></a></div>
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It is the function of law to afford equal protection to the
citizens of a country. The constitution of Pakistan under Article 25 guarantees
equality to all its citizens and entitles all its citizens equal protection
before the law. It was decided in the case of Sherwani vs <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country> by the
Supreme Court under this article, that reasonable classifications of people may
be made but only when there is a reasonable basis and a reasonable distinction.
It was further added that such classification must be supported by the
objective that can be achieved by enacting such classifications. </div>
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All policies made in <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country> must conform to the basic
principles enshrined in the constitution under the Principles of Policy.
Article 37(f) of the Principles of Policy affirms that it is the duty of the
state “to enable people of different areas through education, training…..to
participate fully in all forms of national activity including employment in the
service of <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>”.
When this article is read with Article 25 it becomes obvious that the state
allowing preference of foreign graduates is not only unreasonable but even
unconstitutional and a flagrant violation of the law which is promoting social
injustice. If anything the law states that the Pakistani qualified must be
given preference. </div>
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We have many examples of laws within the country that
promote the resources of the country. For instance the Public Procurement Rules
state that where ever available the items in a tender should be brought from
within <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>.
Similarly in the much hyped Mcdonald’s case in the capital it was decided by
the courts that during the bidding of the land in F-9 park foreign food chains
were given preference and local companies were excluded which was held to be
illegal. Such laws and decisions reflect the mindset of the judiciary and the
executive.</div>
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The Indian constitution guarantees its citizens equality and
equal protection before the law under articles 14, 15 and 16 of their
constitution. It is pertinent to mention that even though the Indian
constitution unlike the Pakistani constitution omits to give its citizens the
right to be dealt according to the law, the efficacy of the Indian laws is far
more than the Pakistani laws and the courts have given bold judgments to enable
greater social justice. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEcPFrJZxPORRd9JE75dhEHo05rO5TVZ1d1TX880SEK1Uz-Yg7yiPkxC6kheJRYHdaOtjex8Jvx081WNdc1MGGMynH7YD0wq76vhBswDc4yRHsJblOaAh0JnSpLh_TLf169GATP6ruhOE/s1600/brain+drain.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEcPFrJZxPORRd9JE75dhEHo05rO5TVZ1d1TX880SEK1Uz-Yg7yiPkxC6kheJRYHdaOtjex8Jvx081WNdc1MGGMynH7YD0wq76vhBswDc4yRHsJblOaAh0JnSpLh_TLf169GATP6ruhOE/s320/brain+drain.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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By allowing such unreasonable classifications <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country> has
suffered two indirect losses apart from the direct effect of injustice within
society. The first loss has been the brain drain as many of our bright minds
leave the country in the quest of ‘foreign qualifications’ and many end up
staying abroad after getting better job offers. The second and more subtle loss
has been to the education sector of <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>. Since those who can
afford or otherwise gain access to foreign qualifications leave the country the
demand for quality education, the supply of quality educators and pressure on
the government to cater to the educational needs of the people is reduced.
Presently the education budget is fringing upon barely 2% of the GDP. <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">UK</st1:country>, a favorite
for Pakistanis to acquire a ‘foreign qualification’ slashed its education
budget by 40% due to the recent recession and yet its education budget is more
than 11% of the GDP. By forcing our students to go abroad we are losing not
only on our foreign exchange but also on our will to improve our socio-economic
conditions. </div>
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The Section 10 of the Higher Education Commission Ordinance
2002 envisages that the government is to formulate policies, guiding principles
and priorities for higher education institutions for promoting the
socio-economic development of the country. </div>
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It is imperative for the government to start giving
preference to its Pakistani qualified students to reverse this vicious cycle
and to free ourselves from the shackles of mental enslavement of nations
abroad. It is not only patriotic but also national duty to promote Pakistani
institutions and stand up for national rights. The law is in place but
effectiveness is dependent on the mutual will of the people and their
determination to implement it. </div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2636295747136684827.post-25083562530548726752012-04-28T20:55:00.001+05:002012-10-20T20:57:02.953+05:00Election Reforms. Article was originally published in the Islamabad Dateline<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0n1FY_KGjBGYXNK8FHqPX1-GxH43HVoxa43HMRN_gm2BQWvusdwXfFWxLN4pOxw50Cy-827nMqv50Y97H0VCJsVCNuMbRdRQ_XUcVLGvuvf5MKArgSzNOmPVCVcdwleTUvwtXkWugREQ/s1600/change-often.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0n1FY_KGjBGYXNK8FHqPX1-GxH43HVoxa43HMRN_gm2BQWvusdwXfFWxLN4pOxw50Cy-827nMqv50Y97H0VCJsVCNuMbRdRQ_XUcVLGvuvf5MKArgSzNOmPVCVcdwleTUvwtXkWugREQ/s320/change-often.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill 2011 approved by the
cabinet in their meeting last week was a giant step forward in ensuring the
implementation of fair, free and transparent elections along with increasing
the secrecy, security and integrity of the databases on the election rolls. The
bill with its 8 constitutional amendments links the voter on election rolls to
NADRA and commences the slashing of duplicate and untraceable votes that are in
the range of 30-40% according to an Islamabad Dateline report. </div>
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With the present population growth in the country at least
400,000 new citizens become eligible to vote every year but do not necessarily
gain the right to vote because the electoral rolls were based on the 1998
census. In most cases political parties registered their members and followers
by adding names to electoral rolls individually and very rarely did names of
deceased voters get deleted to ensure larger vote banks. The requirement to use
NIC cards (even the expired ones) along with plans to introduce biometric
machines will streamline the electoral process and go a long way in gaining
public confidence in democracy. In addition the bill proposes speedy trails of
election petitions so that cases do not linger on well after the governments
have been selected.</div>
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However several more changes would be required to guarantee
absolute transparency and fairness of elections. Implementing the following
suggestions could have far reaching effects in stabilization of the country and
the prosperity of democracy.</div>
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Firstly voting needs to be mandatory and laws need to be
passed to ensure that citizens perform this national duty. According to the
International Institute of Democracy and Electoral Assistance the voting turn
out in <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>
is only 38.77%. As apposed to this <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">India</st1:country> stands at 60.57%, <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Iran</st1:country> at 54 %
and even <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Afghanistan</st1:country>
at 47.83%. Making voting compulsory will ensure that elections produce the true
results of the wills of the people.</div>
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Just an extra word can change our future</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXEswfeAr0Oq9DzuAoOxOmrOK3bJbEHakZ-L8WZOSjcD4mjxD2QneKY3KssBbqID1HYdfPk4YRWZXW6S9wtZOOOybak5apYDFr5mwPNDjdhxZAur84yz5RBwR3DU9Pz1u0ZQGWlUPVarE/s1600/2012_2_14-2012_2_14_8_9_59.jpg.pagespeed.ce.jayItOnAwB.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXEswfeAr0Oq9DzuAoOxOmrOK3bJbEHakZ-L8WZOSjcD4mjxD2QneKY3KssBbqID1HYdfPk4YRWZXW6S9wtZOOOybak5apYDFr5mwPNDjdhxZAur84yz5RBwR3DU9Pz1u0ZQGWlUPVarE/s1600/2012_2_14-2012_2_14_8_9_59.jpg.pagespeed.ce.jayItOnAwB.jpg" /></a></div>
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Secondly the Election Commission of Pakistan needs to be a completely
independent and autonomous constitutional body. The 18<sup>th</sup> amendment
of the constitution considerably depoliticized the selection of the Chief
Election Commissioner by making it a joint consultative process of the cabinet
and opposition but room for improvement still remains. In the political
environment of our country it is best that the selection be made not by the
legislature but rather by the independent judiciary. Anyone who is selected
through the political parties themselves should not be in charge of their
elections as a basic legal and moral principle. A selection by the judiciary
and subsequent approval by the president should suffice.</div>
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Third, a ban needs to be placed on all transport and
catering services one week before the general elections. All too often we hear
of dissenting or even consenting lazy voters being filled into buses and trucks
and carried away to polling stations and made to cast their votes by the rich
politician or the transport mafia. The car rental business performing making
bumper profits during election season is therefore no surprise. Many
politicians who don’t even give zakat or income tax turn into ‘Hatim Tai’ right
before elections and throw feasts that make Shiraz look stingy. The ordinary
voter swept away but such last moment displays of generosity casts an emotional
vote and subjects himself to 5 more years of living without roads and water.
The purpose of implementing such ban is safe guard the welfare orientated bars
that have been placed on election campaign spending which almost always get
rudely trampled over.</div>
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The fourth suggestion is make more and closer polling
stations all over the country and in my views should be no more than 3 miles in
radius from population. This compensates for the lack of transport due to a
possible transport ban and is helpful in keeping a public eye on polling
officers.</div>
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Fifthly televised and print media debates ought to be
implemented, a method often used in the western world. This exposes the
representatives to the court of public and forces the truth out through heated
debates. It also reduces the expenses on state and the contesting individual
that are caused by the traditional rallies.</div>
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Sixth, the constitution should be amended to construct a
proportional representation system in the national and provincial assemblies.
Instead of voting for individuals that leads to personality worship, the people
should be voting directly for the parties involved. After elections the parties
can then nominate their members on the basis of the votes received for the
national and provincial assemblies. It is suggested that <span class="apple-style-span">Sainte-Laguë method devised by
a French mathematician of the same name, be used for allocation of seats that
are approximately proportional to the number of votes received by each party.
The method is used throughout <st1:place w:st="on">Scandinavia</st1:place> and
other economically stable countries like <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Germany</st1:place></st1:country> and <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New Zealand</st1:place></st1:country>.
The unmodified version of this method favors the selection of minority parties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvbajeg4k9OLJVY3Ybq8Kzht0LianGgEW7wXrN0s5zQxJ1FSKxJbzNfr1Yr3J1VjyqbjW7V5EHhhz4ngLgP96_Dal1LaNhT79PSW4a89yov_5akL3l7z50iihxXN3uoNKjBvsy3t4aG4k/s1600/provinces.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvbajeg4k9OLJVY3Ybq8Kzht0LianGgEW7wXrN0s5zQxJ1FSKxJbzNfr1Yr3J1VjyqbjW7V5EHhhz4ngLgP96_Dal1LaNhT79PSW4a89yov_5akL3l7z50iihxXN3uoNKjBvsy3t4aG4k/s320/provinces.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Finally and perhaps most importantly there is a dire need
for creation of smaller provinces to ensure better administrating units on
federal and provincial levels. Smaller provinces translate into less expensive
and more transparent elections because of lesser influences and a greater check
by the public itself. It is a pity how many politicians go and compete in
regions for provincial seats where they cannot even communicate in local
languages and yet win because of influence and money. Smaller provinces will
lead to greater and genuine representation from the backward areas of <st1:country -region="-region" w:st="on">Pakistan</st1:country>.</div>
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If implemented, these
reforms can have far reaching impacts on strengthening democracy and giving
power to the people. They have been tried and tested in many parts of the world
and the coming elections in 2013 will give us a chance to truly amend our
decaying systems and introducing a culture of fairness where so far might has
been right. </div>
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Safi Ghaurihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06855980095239614920noreply@blogger.com0